On Average, We Are Able to Remember About __________________ of What We Hear.

The Receiving Stage

The first stage of the listening procedure is the receiving stage, which involves hearing and attending.

Learning Objectives

Define the receiving stage of the listening process

Primal Takeaways

Fundamental Points

• Hearing is the physiological process of registering sound waves every bit they hit the eardrum.
• Attending is the procedure of accurately identifying item sounds nosotros hear every bit words.
• Attending also involves being able to discern breaks between words, or spoken language segmentation.

Key Terms

• Hearing: The physiological procedure of registering sound waves every bit they hitting the eardrum.
• Attention: The procedure of accurately identifying particular sounds every bit words.
• Receiving phase: The first stage of the listening procedure, which involves hearing and attending.

The Receiving Stage

The first stage of the listening procedure is the receiving stage, which involves hearing and attending.

Use Your Ears!: The first stage of the listening process is receiving.

Hearing is the physiological process of registering sound waves as they hitting the eardrum. As obvious as it may seem, in order to effectively gather information through listening, we must first exist able to physically hear what we're listening to. The clearer the sound, the easier the listening process becomes.

Paired with hearing, attending is the other half of the receiving stage in the listening procedure. Attending is the process of accurately identifying and interpreting particular sounds we hear every bit words. The sounds we hear have no meaning until we requite them their meaning in context. Listening is an active procedure that constructs meaning from both verbal and nonverbal letters.

The Challenges of Reception

Listeners are often bombarded with a diverseness of auditory stimuli all at once, so they must differentiate which of those stimuli are spoken communication sounds and which are not. Effective listening involves existence able to focus in on speech sounds while disregarding other noise. For instance, a train passenger that hears the captain's voice over the loudspeaker understands that the captain is speaking, then deciphers what the captain is saying despite other voices in the cabin. Some other example is trying to listen to a friend tell a story while walking down a decorated street. In order to best listen to what she's saying, the listener needs to ignore the ambient street sounds.

Attending likewise involves existence able to discern human voice communication, too known as "speech segmentation. "¹ Identifying auditory stimuli as speech merely not being able to break those speech sounds downwards into sentences and words would be a failure of the listening process. Discerning speech segmentation can be a more than difficult activeness when the listener is faced with an unfamiliar language.

The Agreement Phase

The agreement stage is the phase during which the listener determines the context and meanings of the words that are heard.

Learning Objectives

Define the understanding stage of the listening process

Fundamental Takeaways

Key Points

• The understanding stage is the 2d phase in the listening procedure.
• Determining the context and meaning of each word is essential to understanding a sentence.
• Agreement what we hear is essential to gathering data.
• Request questions tin can help a listener better understand a speaker's message or principal betoken.

Cardinal Terms

• Agreement stage: The stage of listening during which the listener determines the context and meanings of the words that are heard.
• comprehension: The totality of intentions or attributes, characters, marks, properties, or qualities, that the object possesses; the totality of intentions that are pertinent to the context of a given discussion.

Stages of Listening: The Understanding Stage

Puzzled: Later on receiving information through listening, the next step is understanding what you lot heard.

The second phase in the listening process is the understanding stage. Understanding or comprehension is "shared meaning between parties in a communication transaction" and constitutes the first pace in the listening procedure. This is the phase during which the listener determines the context and meanings of the words he or she hears. Determining the context and meaning of individual words, equally well as assigning meaning in linguistic communication, is essential to understanding sentences. This, in plow, is essential to understanding a speaker'southward message.

Once the listeners understands the speaker'southward main point, they can begin to sort out the remainder of the data they are hearing and decide where it belongs in their mental outline. For example, a political candidate listens to her opponent'south arguments to understand what policy decisions that opponent supports.

Before getting the big motion-picture show of a bulletin, information technology can exist difficult to focus on what the speaker is saying. Think about walking into a lecture course halfway through. You may immediately understand the words and sentences that you are hearing, but non immediately empathise what the lecturer is proving or whether what you're hearing in the moment is a main point, side annotation, or digression.

Understanding what we hear is a huge role of our everyday lives, particularly in terms of gathering bones information. In the office, people listen to their superiors for instructions about what they are to do. At school, students listen to teachers to learn new ideas. We listen to political candidates give policy speeches in order to make up one's mind who will get our vote. But without understanding what nosotros hear, none of this everyday listening would relay whatsoever applied data to usa.

One tactic for ameliorate understanding a speaker's meaning is to inquire questions. Asking questions allows the listener to fill up in any holes he or she may have in the mental reconstruction of the speaker's message.

The Evaluating Stage

The evaluating phase is the listening stage during which the listener critically assesses the data they received from the speaker.

Learning Objectives

Define the evaluating stage of the listening procedure

Key Takeaways

Key Points

• The listener assesses the information they have gathered from the speaker both qualitatively and quantitatively.
• Evaluating allows the listener to form an opinion of what they heard.
• Evaluating is important for a listener in terms of how what she'south heard will bear on her own ideas, decisions, actions, and/or behavior.

Central Terms

• tangential: But touching, referring to a tangent, only indirectly related.
• Evaluating stage: The stage of the listening procedure during which the listener critically assesses the information they received from the speaker.
• appraise: To determine, approximate or judge the value of; to evaluate.

The Evaluating Phase

Focus: Once y'all sympathize what y'all hear, yous can focus in on the relevant information.

This phase of the listening procedure is the one during which the listener assesses the information they received, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Evaluating allows the listener to form an opinion of what they heard and, if necessary, to begin developing a response.

During the evaluating stage, the listener determines whether or not the information they heard and understood from the speaker is well constructed or disorganized, biased or unbiased, truthful or faux, significant or insignificant. They also ascertain how and why the speaker has come up with and conveyed the message that they delivered. This may involve considerations of a speaker's personal or professional motivations and goals. For example, a listener may determine that a co-worker'southward vehement condemnation of another for jamming the copier is factually correct, just may likewise understand that the co-worker'due south child is sick and that may exist putting them on edge. A voter who listens to and understands the points made in a political candidate'due south stump speech communication can decide whether or not those points were convincing enough to earn their vote.

The evaluating stage occurs about effectively in one case the listener fully understands what the speaker is trying to say. While we can, and sometimes do, form opinions of data and ideas that we don't fully understand—or even that we misunderstand—doing then is non frequently ideal in the long run. Having a clear understanding of a speaker's message allows a listener to evaluate that message without getting bogged down in ambiguities or spending unnecessary time and energy addressing points that may be tangential or otherwise nonessential.

This stage of critical analysis is important for a listener in terms of how what they heard will impact their own ideas, decisions, actions, and/or beliefs.

The Responding Phase

The responding stage is when the listener provides verbal and/or nonverbal reactions to what she hears.

Learning Objectives

Ascertain the responding stage of the listening procedure

Cardinal Takeaways

Fundamental Points

• The speaker looks for responses from the listener to decide if her message is being understood and/or considered.
• When a listener responds verbally to what she hears, the speaker/listener roles are reversed.
• Based on the listener'southward responses, the speaker can cull to either adjust or continue with the delivery of her message.

Primal Terms

• Responding phase: The listening stage wherein the listener provides exact and/or nonverbal reactions to what she hears.

The Responding Phase

The responding phase is the stage of the listening procedure wherein the listener provides verbal and/or nonverbal reactions based on short- or long-term memory. Following the remembering stage, a listener can respond to what they hear either verbally or non-verbally. Nonverbal signals can include gestures such as nodding, making heart contact, tapping a pen, fidgeting, scratching or cocking their head, smiling, rolling their optics, grimacing, or any other body language. These kinds of responses can be displayed purposefully or involuntarily. Responding verbally might involve asking a question, requesting boosted information, redirecting or changing the focus of a conversation, cutting off a speaker, or repeating what a speaker has said dorsum to her in club to verify that the received message matches the intended message.

Nonverbal responses similar nodding or eye contact allow the listener to communicate their level of interest without interrupting the speaker, thereby preserving the speaker/listener roles. When a listener responds verbally to what they hear and recollect—for example, with a question or a comment—the speaker/listener roles are reversed, at to the lowest degree momentarily.

Responding adds action to the listening process, which would otherwise be an outwardly passive process. Oftentimes, the speaker looks for exact and nonverbal responses from the listener to decide if and how their message is being understood and/or considered. Based on the listener's responses, the speaker tin can choose to either adjust or continue with the delivery of her bulletin. For example, if a listener'south brow is furrowed and their arms are crossed, the speaker may determine that she needs to lighten their tone to better communicate their indicate. If a listener is smiling and nodding or asking questions, the speaker may experience that the listener is engaged and her message is existence communicated effectively.

The listener: By belongings her hand up to her mentum, this woman is giving a nonverbal indicate that she is concentrating on what the speaker (non pictured) is saying.

The Remembering Stage

The remembering stage occurs as the listener categorizes and retains the information she'southward gathering from the speaker.

Learning Objectives

Define the remembering stage of the listening process

Key Takeaways

Key Points

• Memory is essential throughout the listening process.
• Memory lets the speaker put what she hears in the context of what she's heard before.
• Using information immediately after receiving it enhances information retention.
• Distracted or mindless listening reduces data retention.

Key Terms

• memory: The ability of an organism to record data most things or events with the facility of recalling them later at will.
• retrieve: Memory; the ability to retrieve.
• Remembering phase: The stage of listening wherein the listener categorizes and retains the data she'south gathering from the speaker.

The Remembering Stage

Memory: Remembering what you hear is key to effective listening.

In the listening procedure, the remembering phase occurs equally the listener categorizes and retains the information she's gathered from the speaker for future access. The consequence–retentivity–allows the person to record data about people, objects and events for after recall. This happens both during and subsequently the speaker's delivery.

Memory is essential throughout the listening process. We depend on our memory to fill in the blanks when we're listening and to permit u.s.a. place what we're hearing at the moment in the context of what nosotros've heard before. If, for example, you forgot everything that you lot heard immediately after you heard it, you would not exist able to follow along with what a speaker says, and conversations would exist incommunicable. Moreover, a friend who expresses fright about a dog she sees on the sidewalk ahead tin assistance yous retrieve that the friend began the conversation with her babyhood memory of beingness attacked by a dog.

Remembering previous information is disquisitional to moving forward. Similarly, making associations to past remembered data can help a listener sympathize what she is currently hearing in a wider context. In listening to a lecture about the symptoms of depression, for case, a listener might brand a connection to the description of a character in a novel that she read years before.

Using information immediately subsequently receiving it enhances information retentivity and lessens the forgetting curve, or the rate at which we no longer retain information in our memory. Conversely, retention is lessened when we appoint in mindless listening, and little effort is fabricated to understand a speaker's message.

Because everyone has dissimilar memories, the speaker and the listener may attach different meanings to the same statement. In this sense, establishing common footing in terms of context is extremely important, both for listeners and speakers.

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Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-communications/chapter/stages-of-listening/

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